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vue router学习之动态路由和嵌套路由详解

0day__ 人气:0

本文主要参考:https://router.vuejs.org/zh-cn/essentials/nested-routes.html

本文的阅读前提是已经能够搭建一个vue前台程序并且运行。如果还么有搭建可以参考文章:

好,下面上货。

首先介绍一下动态路由。
动态路由按照我的理解,就是说能够进行页面的跳转,比如说:下面的这个页面中:

<template> 
 <div id="app"> 
  <header> 
   <router-link to="/">/</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/hello">/hello</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/cc">/cc</router-link> 
  </header> 
  <router-view style="border: 1px solid red"></router-view> 
 </div> 
</template> 

如果点击了/hello,那么在router-view中就会加载对应的模块,也就是在路由中设置的模块。

import Vue from 'vue' 
import Router from 'vue-router' 
import Hello from '@/components/Hello' 
import Foo from '@/components/Foo' 
import Foo2 from '@/components/Foo2' 
import Foo3 from '@/components/Foo3' 
 
Vue.use(Router) 
 
export default new Router({ 
 routes: [ 
  {path: '/', redirect: '/hello'}, 
  { 
   path: '/hello', 
   component: Hello, 
   children: [ 
    {path: '/hello/foo', component: Foo}, 
    {path: '/hello/foo2', component: Foo2}, 
    {path: '/hello/foo3', component: Foo3} 
   ] 
  }, 
  { 
   path: '/cc', 
   name: 'Foo', 
   component: Foo 
  } 
 ] 
}) 

也就是说,会跳转到Hello和Foo这两个组件。

那么嵌套路由是什么意思呢,最开始我以为的是这样:/hello/foo 和/hello/foo2这两个路由可以简写成嵌套路由,其实不是的。嵌套路由只的是,在子组件中再次嵌套组件。然后在使用路由进行跳转,这样跳转的时候,变化的就只有子组件,而外边的父组件没有变化。

下面我把完整的例子放出来,看一下:

App.vue

<template> 
 <div id="app"> 
  <header> 
   <router-link to="/">/</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/hello">/hello</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/cc">/cc</router-link> 
  </header> 
  <router-view style="border: 1px solid red"></router-view> 
 </div> 
</template> 
 
<script> 
export default { 
 name: 'app' 
} 
</script> 
 
<style> 
#app { 
 font-family: 'Avenir', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; 
 -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; 
 -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale; 
 text-align: center; 
 color: #2c3e50; 
 margin-top: 60px; 
} 
</style> 

Foo.vue

<template> 
 <div> 
  <h1>3434234343</h1> 
 </div> 
</template> 
 
<script> 
 export default { 
  name: 'Foo', 
  data () { 
   return { 
   } 
  } 
 } 
</script> 
 
<!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only --> 
<style scoped> 
 h1, h2 { 
  font-weight: normal; 
 } 
 
 ul { 
  list-style-type: none; 
  padding: 0; 
 } 
 
 li { 
  display: inline-block; 
  margin: 0 10px; 
 } 
 
 a { 
  color: #42b983; 
 } 
</style> 

Foo2.vue

<template> 
 <div> 
  <h1>this is Foo2</h1> 
 </div> 
</template> 
 
<script> 
 export default { 
  name: 'Foo2', 
  data () { 
   return { 
   } 
  } 
 } 
</script> 
 
<!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only --> 
<style scoped> 
 h1, h2 { 
  font-weight: normal; 
 } 
 
 ul { 
  list-style-type: none; 
  padding: 0; 
 } 
 
 li { 
  display: inline-block; 
  margin: 0 10px; 
 } 
 
 a { 
  color: #42b983; 
 } 
</style> 

Foo3.vue

<template> 
 <div> 
  <h1>this is foo3</h1> 
 </div> 
</template> 
 
<script> 
 export default { 
  name: 'Foo3', 
  data () { 
   return { 
   } 
  } 
 } 
</script> 
 
<!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only --> 
<style scoped> 
 h1, h2 { 
  font-weight: normal; 
 } 
 
 ul { 
  list-style-type: none; 
  padding: 0; 
 } 
 
 li { 
  display: inline-block; 
  margin: 0 10px; 
 } 
 
 a { 
  color: #42b983; 
 } 
</style> 

Hello.vue

<template> 
 <div class="hello"> 
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1> 
  <h2>Essential Links</h2> 
  <ul> 
   <li><a href="https://vuejs.org" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">Core Docs</a></li> 
   <li><a href="https://forum.vuejs.org" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">Forum</a></li> 
   <li><a href="https://gitter.im/vuejs/vue" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">Gitter Chat</a></li> 
   <li><a href="https://twitter.com/vuejs" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">Twitter</a></li> 
   <br> 
   <li><a href="http://vuejs-templates.github.io/webpack/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">Docs for This Template</a></li> 
  </ul> 
  <h2>Ecosystem</h2> 
  <ul> 
   <li><a href="http://router.vuejs.org/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">vue-router</a></li> 
   <li><a href="http://vuex.vuejs.org/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">vuex</a></li> 
   <li><a href="http://vue-loader.vuejs.org/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">vue-loader</a></li> 
   <li><a href="https://github.com/vuejs/awesome-vue" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">awesome-vue</a></li> 
  </ul> 
  <div> 
   <router-link to="/hello/foo">/hello/foo</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/hello/foo2">/hello/foo2</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/hello/foo3">/hello/foo3</router-link> 
  </div> 
  <router-view style="border: solid 1px blue"></router-view> 
 </div> 
</template> 
<script> 
 export default { 
  name: 'hello', 
  data () { 
   return { 
    msg: 'Welcome to Your Vue.js App' 
   } 
  } 
 } 
</script> 
 
<!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only --> 
<style scoped> 
 h1, h2 { 
  font-weight: normal; 
 } 
 
 ul { 
  list-style-type: none; 
  padding: 0; 
 } 
 
 li { 
  display: inline-block; 
  margin: 0 10px; 
 } 
 
 a { 
  color: #42b983; 
 } 
</style> 

路由:

import Vue from 'vue' 
import Router from 'vue-router' 
import Hello from '@/components/Hello' 
import Foo from '@/components/Foo' 
import Foo2 from '@/components/Foo2' 
import Foo3 from '@/components/Foo3' 
 
Vue.use(Router) 
 
export default new Router({ 
 routes: [ 
  {path: '/', redirect: '/hello'}, 
  { 
   path: '/hello', 
   component: Hello, 
   children: [ 
    {path: '/hello/foo', component: Foo}, 
    {path: '/hello/foo2', component: Foo2}, 
    {path: '/hello/foo3', component: Foo3} 
   ] 
  }, 
  { 
   path: '/cc', 
   name: 'Foo', 
   component: Foo 
  } 
 ] 
}) 

需要注意的是仔细的看App.vue和Hello.vue中,都包含<router-view></router-view>,但是他们的作用不同,App.vue是顶层路由,指的是组外层的路由,Hello.vue中的是嵌套路由,负责显示子组件。
我把页面截图一下:

 

这个界面,点击最上边的 / 或者/hello 或者/cc的时候,发生变化的是红色路由中的内容。当点击/hello/foo /hello/foo2 /hello/foo3 的时候,发生变化的是下面蓝色路由中的内容。

这样就和我们平时应用十分的相似了。最外层于有变化,或者局部有变化,但是不想全局的发生改变。

同时,这样也符合了模块化,各个模块分别在不同的模块中。

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