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利用JaCoCo统计接口测试中代码覆盖率

北漂的雷子 人气:9

​        做接口测试,很多时候都会听到,你接口测试的覆盖率是多少?很多人会回答80%,你怎么统计的,他说覆盖了80%的需求。这个回答没有错误,但是片面,我们不能只考虑需求的覆盖率,还有业务的覆盖率,场景的覆盖率,接口的覆盖率,代码的覆盖率等,本文介绍接口测试的代码覆盖率。那么我们来看看如何是实现的。

        1、环境的搭建

        1.1搭建 ant 环境

            https://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi

        我下载的是1.10.7版本,这个是因为 每个版本对应的java的版本 不一样,这个在ant的官网有介绍,下载的zip包 ,然后解压,然后去配置环境变量,我用的是mac配置的,打开:vi .bash_profile

        

export ANT_HOME=/Users/lileilei/Downloads/apache-ant-1.10.7

export PATH=$PATH:.:${ANT_HOME}/bin

        配置完毕后source .bash_profile  立即生效

    

    

        到这里,我们已经设置好了我们的ant的环境。

        1.2 下载JaCoCo。

            下载地址:https://www.jacoco.org/jacoco/

        下载完毕后,解压即可。

       以上搭建了所需的环境。

       2.ant的build文件配置

           通过build.xml拉去覆盖率,具体配置文件如下:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example.plan</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot<https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>

        <!-- swagger2 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <!-- 解决FluentIterable.class找不到问题 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
            <version>26.0-jre</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.inject</groupId>
            <artifactId>guice</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.10.0</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.querydsl</groupId>
            <artifactId>querydsl-apt</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.evosuite</groupId>
            <artifactId>evosuite-standalone-runtime</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.6</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.2</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.2.Final</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.2.Final</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
                    <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
                    <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
            <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.3</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.offbytwo.jenkins</groupId>
            <artifactId>jenkins-client</artifactId>
            <version>0.3.8</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
            <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.5</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.spockframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spock-core</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring4</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>7.0.0</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>

    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <warName>plan</warName>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.evosuite.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>evosuite-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.0.6</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

 

 

 

       这是完整的配置文件,我在配置的地方加好注释,大家可以根据自己的需求进行设置。

        然后去启动要测试的待测服务,这里我是用的jar 启动的服务,启动方式。

            

java -javaagent:/Users/lileilei/Downloads/jacoco-0.8.5/lib/jacocoagent.jar=dumponexit=true,destfile=jacoco.exe -jar demo-2.0.6.RELEASE.jar

          这里需要javaagent,这里是jacoco的agent,需要替换成自己的路径就可以。

            启动完成后,就可以开始进行测试了,

            我使用的swgger2,进行了简单的接口测试,后获取覆盖率。

            

在build.xml目录,使用ant获取jacoco.exe然后用 ant report产生测试报告

            打开测试报告,

        这样,我们就获取到了接口测试的全量代码的覆盖率。我们可以打开获取每个类,每个函数的覆盖率。

        其实在真正的覆盖率,我们还需要考虑 增量代码覆盖率。这里简单的对全量代码的覆盖率做介绍。抛砖引玉,大家可以继续探索。

        这里给大家提供了一种接口测试的覆盖率的统计方式。当然了还有其他方式,大家可以根据自己的需求进行去探索。

        

            需要明确,提供合理方案。

            方案合理,解决合理需求。

            控制合理,合理控制时间。

            思路清晰,善于解决问题。

            思路方案,取决于实践中。

            大量锻炼,才能思维敏捷。

            闭门造车,僵化思路难成。

            点滴积累,成就美好明天。

 

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