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Android API SMS短信服务处理和获取联系人 Android API开发之SMS短信服务处理和获取联系人的方法

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本文实例讲述了Android API开发之SMS短信服务处理和获取联系人的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

Android API支持开发可以发送和接收SMS消息的应用程序。目前我们开发过程中使用的Android模拟器还不支持发送SMS,但它可以接收SMS。现在我们来探索一下Android对SMS的支持,我们将会构建一个小小的应用程序来监听移动设备(或模拟器)上接收到的SMS消息,并将它显示出来。
我们来定义一个Intent接收器来处理SMS接收事件:

package com.wissen.sms.receiver;
public class SMSReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
  @Override
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    // TODO
  }
}
package com.wissen.sms.receiver;
public class SMSReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
// TODO
}
}

我们需要对这个Intent接收器进行配置以使它能获取SMS接收事件, android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED 这个事件状态表示了SMS已被接收。我们可以在AndroidManifest.xml中进行如下配置:

<receiver android:name=".receiver.SMSReceiver" android:enabled="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<receiver android:name=".receiver.SMSReceiver" android:enabled="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>

为了能让我们的应用能接收SMS,我们得先进行权限的指定,可以在AndroidManifest.xml中如下配置:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"></uses-permission>

现在,我们的Intent接收器就可以在Android设备接收到SMS的时候被调用了,余下的事情就是去获取和显示接收到的SMS消息文本了:

public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
    Object messages[] = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
    SmsMessage smsMessage[] = new SmsMessage[messages.length];
    for (int n = 0; n < messages.length; n++) {
        smsMessage[n] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) messages[n]);
    }
   // show first message
   Toast toast = Toast.makeText(context, "Received SMS: " + smsMessage[0].getMessageBody(),        Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
   toast.show();
}
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
Object messages[] = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
SmsMessage smsMessage[] = new SmsMessage[messages.length];
for (int n = 0; n < messages.length; n++) {
smsMessage[n] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) messages[n]);
}
// show first message
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(context, "Received SMS: " + smsMessage[0].getMessageBody(),        Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
toast.show();
}

Android设备接收到的SMS是以pdu形式的(protocol description unit)。android.telephony.gsm.SmsMessage这个类可以储存SMS的相关信息,我们也可以从接收到的pdu中创建新的SmsMessage实例,Toast界面组件可以以系统通知的形式来显示接收到的SMS消息文本。

运行程序:

现在让我们来在模拟器中运行这个应用程序,以及发送SMS消息到这个模拟器上。我们可以在eclipse的Android插件所提供的DDMS视图(Dalvik Debug Monitor Service)中发送SMS消息到模拟器上(在'Emulator Control'面板中;另外需要指定电话电话号码,不过可以是任意的)

发出广播Intent的方法:

public static final String MUSIC_ACTION="com.mythlink.MUSIC";
Intent intent=new Intent();
intent.setAction(MUSIC_ACTION);
intent.putExtra("music_path", songPath);
this.sendBroadcast(intent);
public static final String MUSIC_ACTION="com.mythlink.MUSIC";
Intent intent=new Intent();
intent.setAction(MUSIC_ACTION);
intent.putExtra("music_path", songPath);
this.sendBroadcast(intent);

需要再写一个广播接收器:

public class MusicReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
 @Override
 public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
 Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();
 String music_path=bundle.getString("music_path");
 Toast toast=Toast.makeText(context, "Playing music:"+music_path, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
 toast.show();
 }
}
public class MusicReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();
String music_path=bundle.getString("music_path");
Toast toast=Toast.makeText(context, "Playing music:"+music_path, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
toast.show();
}
}

获取联系人信息:

public class ContactsList extends ListActivity {
 private ListAdapter mAdapter;
 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 Cursor c=this.getContentResolver().query(Contacts.People.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);
 this.startManagingCursor(c);
 String[] columns=new String[]{Contacts.People.NAME};
 int[] names=new int[]{R.id.song};////////////////
 mAdapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, R.layout.song_item, c, columns, names);
 this.setListAdapter(mAdapter);
 }
 @Override
 protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
 super.onListItemClick(l, v, position, id);
 Intent i=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
 Cursor c = (Cursor) mAdapter.getItem(position);
   long phoneID = c.getLong(c.getColumnIndex(Contacts.People.PRIMARY_PHONE_ID));
   i.setData(ContentUris.withAppendedId(Contacts.Phones.CONTENT_URI, phoneID));
   this.startActivity(i);
 }
}
public class ContactsList extends ListActivity {
private ListAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Cursor c=this.getContentResolver().query(Contacts.People.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);
this.startManagingCursor(c);
String[] columns=new String[]{Contacts.People.NAME};
int[] names=new int[]{R.id.song};////////////////
mAdapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, R.layout.song_item, c, columns, names);
this.setListAdapter(mAdapter);
}
@Override
protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
super.onListItemClick(l, v, position, id);
Intent i=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
Cursor c = (Cursor) mAdapter.getItem(position);
long phoneID = c.getLong(c.getColumnIndex(Contacts.People.PRIMARY_PHONE_ID));
i.setData(ContentUris.withAppendedId(Contacts.Phones.CONTENT_URI, phoneID));
this.startActivity(i);
}
}

在Androidmanifest.xml中加入:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
<activity android:name=".ContactsList"
     android:label="@string/app_name">
  <intent-filter>
    <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
    <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
  </intent-filter>
</activity>

希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。

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