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CentOS静默安装oracle12.2 VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

cd5421 人气:0

环境准备:

VMware+CentOS,jdk

一、校验系统磁盘大小

1.命令 df -h

保证可用磁盘大小15GB(包括oracle安装时需要空间7.5GB + oracle安装zip包接近3G+安装包解压文件3G)

如果磁盘不满足,安装会失败,需要扩容!

二、安装准备

1.创建运行oracle数据库的系统用户和用户组

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle

passwd oracle #不用管提示,连续输入两次密码就可成功

2.创建oracle数据库安装目录,并将目录赋权给oracle用户

mkdir -p /opt/oracle/database #oracle安装包解压的文件
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/oraInventory #
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 #oracle安装目录
chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle #更改oracle目录的属主
chmod 755 -R /opt/oracle #更改oracle目录的权限

3.安装oracle数据库依赖的软件包

3.1.安装

yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-common glibc-devel gcc gcc-c++ libaio-devel libaio libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pdksh numactl-devel glibc-headers

3.2.查看是否安装成功

rpm -q \binutils \compat-libstdc++-33 \elfutils-libelf \elfutils-libelf-devel \expat \gcc \gcc-c++ \glibc \glibc-common \glibc-devel \glibc-headers \libaio \libaio-devel \libgcc \libstdc++ \libstdc++-devel \make \pdksh \sysstat \unixODBC \unixODBC-devel | grep "not installed"

4.关闭selinux,需要重启生效(可以在最后安装oracle之前再重启) vim /etc/selinux/config

5.修改内核参数 vim /etc/sysctl.conf

添加如下内容:

net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1

net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max= 4194304

net.core.wmem_default= 262144

net.core.wmem_max= 1048576

sysctl  -p #使配置生效

6.对oracle用户设置限制,提高系统运行性能

vim /etc/security/limits.conf

添加如下内容:

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

7.配置用户环境变量

vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile

添加如下内容:

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export LANG=C

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile #使配置失效

8.解压oracle安装文件的压缩包,在/opt/oracle/目录下解压

unzip 文件名(unzip不存在,可用命令进行安装: yum install unzip)加压较慢,需要等会

9.配置应答文件

vim /opt/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

10.配置oraInventory目录位置

存放oracle软件安装的目录信息,oracle的安装和升级都需要用到这个目录(最好放在ORACLE_BASE对应的目录下边)

vim /etc/oraInst.loc

添加或修改成如下内容:

inventory_loc=/opt/oracle/product/oraInventory

inst_group=oinstall

11.重启CentOS,reboot

12.关闭防火墙,systemctl stop firewalld

三、静默安装Oracle12

1.已oracle用户登陆linux系统

2.静默安装

/opt/oracle/database/runInstaller -silent -force -ignorePrereq -responseFile /opt/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

执行过程需要等待几分钟。

可监控日志:

tail -f
/opt/oracle/product/oraInventory/logs/installActions2018-11-22_11-04-03AM.log

3.切换root用户登陆

4.执行两个sh文件

4.1. sh /opt/oracle/product/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

如果目录下没有改脚本,可以新建一个,脚本内容为:

# cat /oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

#!/bin/sh

AWK=/bin/awk

CHMOD=/bin/chmod

CHGRP=/bin/chgrp

CP=/bin/cp

ECHO=/bin/echo

MKDIR=/bin/mkdir

RUID=`/usr/bin/id|$AWK -F ′ print$2 ′ |$AWK−F ′print$2′|$AWK−F '{print $2}'|$AWK -F '{print $1}'`

if [ ${RUID} != "root" ];then

  $ECHO "This script must be executed as root"

  exit 1

fi

if [ -d "/etc" ]; then

$CHMOD 755 /etc;

else

$MKDIR -p /etc;

fi

if [ -f "/oracle/oraInventory/oraInst.loc" ]; then

$CP /oracle/oraInventory/oraInst.loc /etc/oraInst.loc;

$CHMOD 644 /etc/oraInst.loc

else

INVPTR=/etc/oraInst.loc

INVLOC=/oracle/oraInventory

GRP=oinstall

PTRDIR="`dirname $INVPTR`";

# Create the software inventory location pointer file

if [ ! -d "$PTRDIR" ]; then

 $MKDIR -p $PTRDIR;

fi

$ECHO "Creating the Oracle inventory pointer file ($INVPTR)";

$ECHO  inventory_loc=$INVLOC > $INVPTR

$ECHO  inst_group=$GRP >> $INVPTR

chmod 644 $INVPTR

# Create the inventory directory if it doesn't exist

if [ ! -d "$INVLOC" ];then

 $ECHO "Creating the Oracle inventory directory ($INVLOC)";

 $MKDIR -p $INVLOC;

fi

fi

$ECHO "Changing permissions of /oracle/oraInventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

";

$CHMOD -R g+rw,o-rwx /oracle/oraInventory;

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

 $ECHO "OUI-35086:WARNING: chmod of /oracle/oraInventory

Adding read,write permissions for group.

,Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

 failed!";

fi

$ECHO "Changing groupname of /oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.";

$CHGRP -R oinstall /oracle/oraInventory;

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

 $ECHO "OUI-10057:WARNING: chgrp of /oracle/oraInventory to oinstall failed!";

fi

$ECHO "The execution of the script is complete."

4.2. sh /opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/root.sh

5.切换oracle用户登陆

6.安装监听

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responseFile /opt/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp

7.启动监听程序

lsnrctl start

8.查看监听状态

lsnrctl status

9.通过dbca创建数据库

/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin/dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname orcl -sid orcl -responseFile NO_VALUE -characterSet ZHS16GBK -memoryPercentage 30 -emConfiguration LOCAL

(删除:dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourcedb orcl -sid orcl)

10.启动实例(创建完,一般会自动启动)

sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup
SQL> select instance_name,version from v$instance;

查看数据库文件dbf

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对网站的支持!

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