亲宝软件园·资讯

展开

Java 8中Stream API的这些奇技淫巧!你Get了吗?

人气:0

上次老师跟大家分享了 cookie、session和token,今天给大家分享一下Java 8中的Stream API。

Stream简介

1、Java 8引入了全新的Stream API。这里的Stream和I/O流不同,它更像具有Iterable的集合类,但行为和集合类又有所不同。
2、stream是对集合对象功能的增强,它专注于对集合对象进行各种非常便利、高效的聚合操作,或者大批量数据操作。
3、只要给出需要对其包含的元素执行什么操作,比如 “过滤掉长度大于 10 的字符串”、“获取每个字符串的首字母”等,Stream 会隐式地在内部进行遍历,做出相应的数据转换。

为什么要使用Stream

1、函数式编程带来的好处尤为明显。这种代码更多地表达了业务逻辑的意图,而不是它的实现机制。易读的代码也易于维护、更可靠、更不容易出错。
2、高端

实例数据源

public class Data {
 private static List<PersonModel> list = null;
 
 static {
  PersonModel wu = new PersonModel("wu qi", 18, "男");
  PersonModel zhang = new PersonModel("zhang san", 19, "男");
  PersonModel wang = new PersonModel("wang si", 20, "女");
  PersonModel zhao = new PersonModel("zhao wu", 20, "男");
  PersonModel chen = new PersonModel("chen liu", 21, "男");
  list = Arrays.asList(wu, zhang, wang, zhao, chen);
 }
 
 public static List<PersonModel> getData() {
  return list;
 }
}

Filter

  1. 遍历数据并检查其中的元素时使用。
  2. filter接受一个函数作为参数,该函数用Lambda表达式表示。

 /**
  * 过滤所有的男性
  */
 public static void fiterSex(){
  List<PersonModel> data = Data.getData();
 
  //old
  List<PersonModel> temp=new ArrayList<>();
  for (PersonModel person:data) {
   if ("男".equals(person.getSex())){
    temp.add(person);
   }
  }
  System.out.println(temp);
  //new
  List<PersonModel> collect = data
    .stream()
    .filter(person -> "男".equals(person.getSex()))
    .collect(toList());
  System.out.println(collect);
 }
 
 /**
  * 过滤所有的男性 并且小于20岁
  */
 public static void fiterSexAndAge(){
  List<PersonModel> data = Data.getData();
 
  //old
  List<PersonModel> temp=new ArrayList<>();
  for (PersonModel person:data) {
   if ("男".equals(person.getSex())&&person.getAge()<20){
    temp.add(person);
   }
  }
 
  //new 1
  List<PersonModel> collect = data
    .stream()
    .filter(person -> {
     if ("男".equals(person.getSex())&&person.getAge()<20){
      return true;
     }
     return false;
    })
    .collect(toList());
  //new 2
  List<PersonModel> collect1 = data
    .stream()
    .filter(person -> ("男".equals(person.getSex())&&person.getAge()<20))
    .collect(toList());
 
 }

Map

/**
  * 取出所有的用户名字
  */
 public static void getUserNameList(){
  List<PersonModel> data = Data.getData();
 
  //old
  List<String> list=new ArrayList<>();
  for (PersonModel persion:data) {
   list.add(persion.getName());
  }
  System.out.println(list);
 
  //new 1
  List<String> collect = data.stream().map(person -> person.getName()).collect(toList());
  System.out.println(collect);
 
  //new 2
  List<String> collect1 = data.stream().map(PersonModel::getName).collect(toList());
  System.out.println(collect1);
 
  //new 3
  List<String> collect2 = data.stream().map(person -> {
   System.out.println(person.getName());
   return person.getName();
  }).collect(toList());
 }

FlatMap

 

public static void flatMapString() {
  List<PersonModel> data = Data.getData();
  //返回类型不一样
  List<String> collect = data.stream()
    .flatMap(person -> Arrays.stream(person.getName().split(" "))).collect(toList());
 
  List<Stream<String>> collect1 = data.stream()
    .map(person -> Arrays.stream(person.getName().split(" "))).collect(toList());
 
  //用map实现
  List<String> collect2 = data.stream()
    .map(person -> person.getName().split(" "))
    .flatMap(Arrays::stream).collect(toList());
  //另一种方式
  List<String> collect3 = data.stream()
    .map(person -> person.getName().split(" "))
    .flatMap(str -> Arrays.asList(str).stream()).collect(toList());
 }

Reduce

 public static void reduceTest(){
  //累加,初始化值是 10
  Integer reduce = Stream.of(1, 2, 3, 4)
    .reduce(10, (count, item) ->{
   System.out.println("count:"+count);
   System.out.println("item:"+item);
   return count + item;
  } );
  System.out.println(reduce);
 
  Integer reduce1 = Stream.of(1, 2, 3, 4)
    .reduce(0, (x, y) -> x + y);
  System.out.println(reduce1);
 
  String reduce2 = Stream.of("1", "2", "3")
    .reduce("0", (x, y) -> (x + "," + y));
  System.out.println(reduce2);
 }

Collect

 /**
  * toList
  */
 public static void toListTest(){
  List<PersonModel> data = Data.getData();
  List<String> collect = data.stream()
    .map(PersonModel::getName)
    .collect(Collectors.toList());
 }
 
 /**
  * toSet
  */
 public static void toSetTest(){
  List<PersonModel> data = Data.getData();
  Set<String> collect = data.stream()
    .map(PersonModel::getName)
    .collect(Collectors.toSet());
 }
 
 /**
  * toMap
  */
 public static void toMapTest(){
  List<PersonModel> data = Data.getData();
  Map<String, Integer> collect = data.stream()
    .collect(
      Collectors.toMap(PersonModel::getName, PersonModel::getAge)
    );
 
  data.stream()
    .collect(Collectors.toMap(per->per.getName(), value->{
   return value+"1";
  }));
 }
 
 /**
  * 指定类型
  */
 public static void toTreeSetTest(){
  List<PersonModel> data = Data.getData();
  TreeSet<PersonModel> collect = data.stream()
    .collect(Collectors.toCollection(TreeSet::new));
  System.out.println(collect);
 }
 
 /**
  * 分组
  */
 public static void toGroupTest(){
  List<PersonModel> data = Data.getData();
  Map<Boolean, List<PersonModel>> collect = data.stream()
    .collect(Collectors.groupingBy(per -> "男".equals(per.getSex())));
  System.out.println(collect);
 }
 
 /**
  * 分隔
  */
 public static void toJoiningTest(){
  List<PersonModel> data = Data.getData();
  String collect = data.stream()
    .map(personModel -> personModel.getName())
    .collect(Collectors.joining(",", "{", "}"));
  System.out.println(collect);
 }
 
 /**
  * 自定义
  */
 public static void reduce(){
  List<String> collect = Stream.of("1", "2", "3").collect(
    Collectors.reducing(new ArrayList<String>(), x -> Arrays.asList(x), (y, z) -> {
     y.addAll(z);
     return y;
    }));
  System.out.println(collect);
 }

Optional

public static void main(String[] args) {
 
 
  PersonModel personModel=new PersonModel();
 
  //对象为空则打出 -
  Optional<Object> o = Optional.of(personModel);
  System.out.println(o.isPresent()?o.get():"-");
 
  //名称为空则打出 -
  Optional<String> name = Optional.ofNullable(personModel.getName());
  System.out.println(name.isPresent()?name.get():"-");
 
  //如果不为空,则打出xxx
  Optional.ofNullable("test").ifPresent(na->{
   System.out.println(na+"ifPresent");
  });
 
  //如果空,则返回指定字符串
  System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable(null).orElse("-"));
  System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable("1").orElse("-"));
 
  //如果空,则返回 指定方法,或者代码
  System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable(null).orElseGet(()->{
   return "hahah";
  }));
  System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable("1").orElseGet(()->{
   return "hahah";
  }));
 
  //如果空,则可以抛出异常
  System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable("1").orElseThrow(()->{
   throw new RuntimeException("ss");
  }));
 
 
//  Objects.requireNonNull(null,"is null");
 
 
  //利用 Optional 进行多级判断
  EarthModel earthModel1 = new EarthModel();
  //old
  if (earthModel1!=null){
   if (earthModel1.getTea()!=null){
    //...
   }
  }
  //new
  Optional.ofNullable(earthModel1)
    .map(EarthModel::getTea)
    .map(TeaModel::getType)
    .isPresent();
 
 
//  Optional<EarthModel> earthModel = Optional.ofNullable(new EarthModel());
//  Optional<List<PersonModel>> personModels = earthModel.map(EarthModel::getPersonModels);
//  Optional<Stream<String>> stringStream = personModels.map(per -> per.stream().map(PersonModel::getName));
 
 
  //判断对象中的list
  Optional.ofNullable(new EarthModel())
    .map(EarthModel::getPersonModels)
    .map(pers->pers
      .stream()
      .map(PersonModel::getName)
      .collect(toList()))
    .ifPresent(per-> System.out.println(per));
 
 
  List<PersonModel> models=Data.getData();
  Optional.ofNullable(models)
    .map(per -> per
      .stream()
      .map(PersonModel::getName)
      .collect(toList()))
    .ifPresent(per-> System.out.println(per));
 
 }

并发

 //根据数字的大小,有不同的结果
 private static int size=10000000;
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  System.out.println("-----------List-----------");
  testList();
  System.out.println("-----------Set-----------");
  testSet();
 }
 
 /**
  * 测试list
  */
 public static void testList(){
  List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(size);
  for (Integer i = 0; i < size; i++) {
   list.add(new Integer(i));
  }
 
  List<Integer> temp1 = new ArrayList<>(size);
  //老的
  long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
  for (Integer i: list) {
   temp1.add(i);
  }
  System.out.println(+System.currentTimeMillis()-start);
 
  //同步
  long start1=System.currentTimeMillis();
  list.stream().collect(Collectors.toList());
  System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis()-start1);
 
  //并发
  long start2=System.currentTimeMillis();
  list.parallelStream().collect(Collectors.toList());
  System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis()-start2);
 }
 
 /**
  * 测试set
  */
 public static void testSet(){
  List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(size);
  for (Integer i = 0; i < size; i++) {
   list.add(new Integer(i));
  }
 
  Set<Integer> temp1 = new HashSet<>(size);
  //老的
  long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
  for (Integer i: list) {
   temp1.add(i);
  }
  System.out.println(+System.currentTimeMillis()-start);
 
  //同步
  long start1=System.currentTimeMillis();
  list.stream().collect(Collectors.toSet());
  System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis()-start1);
 
  //并发
  long start2=System.currentTimeMillis();
  list.parallelStream().collect(Collectors.toSet());
  System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis()-start2);
 }

调试

private static void peekTest() {
  List<PersonModel> data = Data.getData();
 
  //peek打印出遍历的每个per
  data.stream().map(per->per.getName()).peek(p->{
   System.out.println(p);
  }).collect(toList());
 }
您可能感兴趣的文章:

加载全部内容

相关教程
猜你喜欢
用户评论