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SpringBoot websocket聊天

BreezAm 人气:0

一、技术介绍

线上演示地址:http://chat.breez.work

实时通信(Instant Messaging,简称IM)是一个实时通信系统,允许两人或多人使用网络实时的传递文字消息文件语音视频交流。[4]

场景再现:

1.1 客户端WebSocket

WebSocket 对象提供了用于创建和管理 WebSocket 连接,以及可以通过该连接发送接收数据的 API。使用 WebSocket() 构造函数来构造一个 WebSocket。[1]

构造函数如下所示:

const webSocket = WebSocket(url[, protocols])

例子如下:

const webSocket = new WebSocket("ws://42.193.120.86:3688/ws/小明/翠花")

1.1.1 函数

1、 webSocket.send()
该函数用于向服务端发送一条消息,例子如下:

webSocket.send("Hello server!");

2、 webSocket.close()
该函数用于关闭客户端与服务端的连接,例子如下:

webSocket.close();

1.1.2 事件

1、webSocket.onopen
该事件用于监听客户端与服务端的连接状态,如果客户端与服务端连接成功则该事件触发,例子如下:

webSocket.onopen = function(event) {
  console.log("连接已经建立,可以进行通信");
};

2、webSocket.onclose
如果服务端与客户端连接断开,那么此事件出发,例子如下:

webSocket.onclose = function(event) {
  console.log("连接已经关闭");
};

3、webSocket: message event
该事件用于监听服务端向客户端发送的消息,例子如下:

webSocket.addEventListener('message', function (event) {
    console.log('来自服务端的消息:', event.data);
});

4、webSocket:error event
如果客户端与服务端发生错误时,那么此事件将会触发,例子如下:

webSocket.addEventListener('error', function (event) {
  console.log('连接出现错误', event);
});

1.2 服务端WebSocket

@ServerEndpoint用于声明一个socket服务,例子如下:

@ServerEndpoint(value = "/ws/{userId}/{targetId}")

几个重要的方法注解:

二、实战 

2.1、服务端

2.1.1引入maven依赖

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.1.2 编写配置类

@Configuration
public class WebSocketConfig {
    @Bean
    public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter() {
        return new ServerEndpointExporter();
    }
}

2.1.3 编写WebSocketService服务类

下面的userId代表发送者的ID号,target代表发送目标ID号。

@Component
@ServerEndpoint(value = "/ws/{userId}/{target}")
public class WebSocketService {
    //用于保存连接的用户信息
    private static ConcurrentHashMap<String, Session> SESSION = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    //原子递增递减,用于统计在线用户数
    private static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger();
    //消息队列,用于保存待发送的信息
    private Queue<String> queue = new LinkedBlockingDeque<>();

   //onOpen()
   //onClose()
   //onMessage()
   //onError()
}

2.1.4 建立连接

建立连接之前,判断用户是否已经连接,如果没有连接,那么将用户session信息保存到集合,然后计数器递增。

@OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session, @PathParam("userId") String userId) {
        if (!SESSION.containsKey(userId)) {
            SESSION.put(userId, session);
            count.incrementAndGet();
        }
    }

2.1.5 关闭连接

关闭连接的时候,将用户session删除和计数器递减。

 @OnClose
    public void onClose(@PathParam("userId") String userId) {
        SESSION.remove(userId);
        count.decrementAndGet();
    }

2.1.6 发送消息

发送采用的方法是:session.getBasicRemote().sendText("你好");

	@OnMessage
    public void onMessage(String message, @PathParam("userId") String userId, @PathParam("target") String target) throws IOException {
        queue.add(message);
        Session s = SESSION.get(target);
        if (s == null) {
            Session b = SESSION.get(userId);
            b.getBasicRemote().sendText("对方不在线");
        } else {
            for (int i = 0; i < queue.size(); i++) {
                String msg = queue.poll();
                Message m = new Message();
                m.setUserId(userId);
                s.getBasicRemote().sendText(msg);
            }
        }
    }

2.1.7 监听错误

出现错误,删除用户session信息和计数器递减

@OnError
    public void onError(Throwable error, @PathParam("userId") String userId) {
        SESSION.remove(userId);
        count.decrementAndGet();
        error.printStackTrace();
    }

2.2 客户端

本案例中客户端采用Nuxt编写,相关代码如下

2.2.1 主页面

运行截图如图所示:

<template>
  <div style="padding-left: 20%;">
    <div style="padding-left: 20%;padding-top: 30px;">
      <div style="font-size: 30px;">欢迎使用喵喵号聊天</div>
    </div>
    <div style="padding-top: 20%;">
      <el-form :rules="rules" ref="formInline" :inline="true" :model="formInline" class="demo-form-inline">
        <el-form-item label="我的喵喵号" prop="userId">
          <el-input v-model="formInline.userId" placeholder="喵喵号"></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item label="对方喵喵号" prop="targetId">
          <el-input v-model="formInline.targetId" placeholder="喵喵号"></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item>
          <el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit('formInline')">聊一下</el-button>
        </el-form-item>
      </el-form>
    </div>

  </div>
</template>

<script>
  export default {
    name: 'IndexPage',
    data() {
      return {

        formInline: {
          userId: '',
          targetId: ''
        },
        rules: {
          userId: [{
            required: true,
            message: '请输入你的喵喵号',
            trigger: 'blur'
          }],
          targetId: [{
            required: true,
            message: '请输入对方喵喵号',
            trigger: 'blur'
          }]
        }
      }

    },
    methods: {
      onSubmit(formName) {
        this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
          if (valid) {
            this.$router.push({
              name: 'chat',
              params: this.formInline
            })
          } else {
            console.log('error submit!!');
            return false;
          }
        });
      }
    },
    created() {

    }
  }
</script>
<style>
  body {
    background: url('../static/img/cat.jpg');
  }
</style>

2.2.1 聊天页面

运行截图如下:
小明

翠花

<template>
  <div>
    <el-row :gutter="20" style="padding-top: 20px;">
      <div style="padding-left: 35%;">
        <div style="padding-bottom: 15px">
          <div style="float: left;padding-right: 30px;">
            我的喵喵号:<el-tag type="warning">{{user.userId}}</el-tag>
          </div>
          <div>
            对方喵喵号:<el-tag type="success">{{user.targetId}}</el-tag>
            <el-link @click="clearMsg()" :underline="false" style="padding-left: 30px;" type="danger">清空消息</el-link>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div style="border: 1px green solid;width: 400px;height: 400px;border-radius: 10px;">
          <div v-for="(m,index) in msgList" :key="index++">
            <el-row :gutter="20">
              <div v-if="m.type===1" style="padding-left: 10px;">
                <el-avatar src="https://cube.elemecdn.com/0/88/03b0d39583f48206768a7534e55bcpng.png"></el-avatar>
                {{m.msg}}
              </div>
              <div v-if="m.type===2" style="padding-right: 15px;float: right;">
                {{m.msg}}
                <el-avatar src="https://fuss10.elemecdn.com/e/5d/4a731a90594a4af544c0c25941171jpeg.jpeg"></el-avatar>

              </div>
              <div v-if="m.type===3" style="padding-left: 15px;padding-top: 15px;">系统消息:{{m.msg}}</div>
            </el-row>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </el-row>
    <el-row :gutter="5" style="padding-top: 20px;padding-left: 35%;">
      <el-col :span="9" :xs="9" :sm="9" :md="9" :lg="9" :xl="9">
        <el-input :disabled="msg_status" v-model="msg" placeholder="消息"></el-input>
      </el-col>
      <el-col :span="2">
        <el-button @click="sendMessage()" type="primary">发送</el-button>
      </el-col>
    </el-row>
  </div>

</template>

<script>
  export default {
    name: 'ChatPage',
    data() {
      return {
        url: 'localhost:3688/ws/1001/1002',
        msg: '',
        socket: {},
        msg_status: true,
        msgList: [],
        initList: [],
        count: 0,
        user: {
          userId: '',
          targetId: ''
        }

      }
    },
    created() {
      const userId = this.$route.params.userId
      const targetId = this.$route.params.targetId
      if (userId !== undefined && targetId !== undefined) {
        this.user.userId = userId
        this.user.targetId = targetId
        this.connect()
      } else {
        this.$router.push("/")
      }

    },
    methods: {
      //创建socket客户端
      connect() {
        var that = this
        this.socket = new WebSocket("ws://42.193.120.86:3688/ws/" + this.user.userId + "/" + this.user.targetId);
        this.socket.onclose = function(event) {
          that.$message('连接关闭');
        };
        this.socket.addEventListener('error', function(event) {
          that.$message.error('出现错误');
        });
        // 监听消息
        this.socket.addEventListener('message', function(event) {
          that.msgList.push({
            type: 2,
            msg: event.data
          })
          console.log(event.data);
          console.log({
            type: 2,
            msg: event.data
          });
        });

        this.socket.onopen = function(event) {
          that.msg_status = false
          that.msgList.push({
            type: 3,
            msg: '连接成功'
          })
        };
      },
      clearMsg() {
        this.$confirm('确认清空?', '提示', {
          confirmButtonText: '确定',
          cancelButtonText: '取消',
          type: 'warning'
        }).then(() => {

          this.msgList = []
        })
      },
      //发送消息
      sendMessage() {
        this.socket.send(this.msg)
        this.msgList.push({
          type: 1,
          msg: this.msg
        })
        this.msg = ''
      }
    }
  }
</script>

<style>
</style>

三、开源地址

Gitee:https://gitee.com/BreezAm/websocket

演示地址:http://chat.breez.work

四、参考文献

[1]MDN:WebSocket

[2]Nuxt:https://nuxtjs.org

[3]Vue:https://cn.vuejs.org

[4]百度百科:及时通信

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